Europe has taken measures to shield against unfair Chinese competition by imposing tariffs on electric cars imported from China.
These actions have been taken in response to opaque subsidies and loans which are propelling the Chinese automotive industry.
By keeping rates at 38%, a total trade war with Washington is avoided, allowing Europe to forge its own path to boost an industrial policy that is losing competitiveness.
Ford's and Vodafone's EREs in Spain reflect industrial weakness in sectors affected by global change and the need to improve the management of European funds to reinforce the industry.
Conclusion: Europe is taking steps to counteract unfair competition from China in the automotive industry and protect its own industrial competitiveness. However, there is a clear need to improve fund management and strengthen the industries vulnerable to global change.